3D Internet is the next generation after the stream 2d internet. 3D Internet includes interconnected services, displayed as virtual worlds.The objective of 3D Internet is to pass interactive real-time 3D graphics over the internet. It is also a provocation of a 2D webpage in real-life graphics.Applications of 3D InternetThere are various applications of 3D Internet which are as follows −EducationBy using the 3D Internet in education, people can have a better recognition of the subject. They can view the address and analysis in a 3D manner that will support them to understand more efficiently than the traditional methods.Real EstateThe 3D ... Read More

PaaS represents Platform as a Service. It is a cloud computing service that uses virtualization to provide an application development platform to developers or organizations.This platform contains computing, memory, storage, database, and several application development services. PaaS solutions can be used to create an application for internal use or provided for sale.PaaS technology provides a company virtual infrastructure, including data centers, servers, storage, and network supplies, plus a middle layer of software, which contains tools for developing apps.Types of PaaSThere are the following types of PaaS which are as follows −Private CloudThe development platform is created on infrastructure that is ... Read More

SCTP represents Stream Control Transmission Protocol. It is a new reliable, message-oriented transport layer protocol. It is generally created for Internet applications that have currently been introduced. These new applications include IUA (ISDN over IP), M2UA and M3UA (telephony signaling), H.248 (media gateway control), H.323 (IP telephony), and SIP (IP telephony), etc.SCTP connects the characteristics of UDP and TCP. It is a reliable message-oriented protocol. It can maintain the message boundaries and simultaneously detects lost information, duplicate information, and out-of-order information. It also has congestion control and flow control structure.Features of SCTPThere are various features of SCTP which are as ... Read More

The physical layer is important for sending bits from one device to the other device. The physical layer is not concerned with the bits description, but it handles with physical relation to the mechanism with connection and signals acceptance.Design Issues in Physical LayerThe design issues of physical layers are as follows −Establishing the Physical ConnectionsWhenever there is a requirement for data transmission by a device to another device, the request travels from the application layer to the data link layer. Thus the data link layer moves it to the physical layer, and the physical layer activates a physical link for ... Read More

ISDN stands for Integrated Services Digital Network. It can be used to bridge the Central Office’s local loop and the premise connection (home). It is a network in which digital switching links are used to connect digital signals.Integrated Services refers to ISDN’s ability to deliver two simultaneous connections, in any merging of data, voice, video, and fax, over an individual line. There are several devices that can be connected to the line and sent as required.An ISDN is a network expanding from telephony ISDN, which supports end-to-end digital connectivity to support a wide area of services such as voice and ... Read More

Let us understand the concept of electronic mail which is commonly known as Email.EmailEmail stands for Electronic mail. It is described as the transmission of messages on the web. Email needs multiple protocols inside the TCP/IP suite. For example, SMTP can send messages, while the POP or IMAP protocols are used to recover messages from a mail server. When they configure an email account, it should define your email address, password, and the mail servers can send and receive messages.The email was created to provide rich content with custom formatting, and the initial email standard is only adequate for providing ... Read More

Server Virtualization is the phase of breaking a physical server into multiple virtual servers known as virtual private servers. Each virtual private server can run freely. The concept of Server Virtualization is broadly used in the IT infrastructure to diminish the costs by improving the utilization of existing resources.Server Virtualization enables us to use resources effectively. In server virtualization, it can remove the major cost of hardware. This virtualization in Cloud Computing can break the workload to multiple servers and all these virtual servers are capable of implementing a dedicated task.The main advantage of server virtualization is cost-effective because it ... Read More

Let us begin by understanding what Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is.SCTPSCTP represents Stream Control Transmission Protocol. It is a new stable, message-oriented transport layer protocol. It is frequently designed for Internet applications that have been introduced.These new applications include IUA (ISDN over IP), M2UA and M3UA (telephony signaling), H.248 (media gateway control), H.323 (IP telephony), and SIP (IP telephony), etc.SCTP connects the characteristics of UDP and TCP. SCTP is a stable message-oriented protocol. It protects the message boundaries, and simultaneously, detects hidden data, duplicate information, and out-of-order data. It also has congestion control and flow control structures.In TCP, there ... Read More

Let us begin by understanding the concept of a control plane.Control PlaneThe control plane is that element of a network that carries data necessary to create and control the network. It is an element of the theoretical framework used to learn the flow of data packets between network interfaces.The control plane represents the topology of a network. It is an important concept in network routing technology. One telecom dealer calls it the brains of the router. It is answerable for creating links between routers and for exchanging protocol data.Three planes are usually recognized in telecommunications such as control, information, and ... Read More

PPP represents Point-to-Point Protocol. It is a protocol that is frequently used to support similar functionality as SLIP. It is the most robust protocol that can share multiple types of packets also along with IP Packets. It can be required for dial-up and hired router-router lines. It usually provides the framing methods to describe frames.It can support the responsibility and management of IP addresses, asynchronous and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, etc. It can provide an extensible Link Control Protocol (LCP) along with Network Control Protocols (NCP).PPP ComponentsThe point-to-point protocol contains the following components for sharing diagrams ... Read More