Csharp Articles - Page 166 of 196

finalJava has final keyword, but C# does not have its implementation. For the same implementation, use the sealed keyword.With sealed, you can prevent overriding of a method. When you use sealed modifiers in C# on a method, then the method loses its capabilities of overriding. The sealed method should be part of a derived class and the method must be an overridden method.FinallyThe finally block is used to execute a given set of statements, whether an exception is thrown or not thrown. For example, if you open a file, it must be closed whether an exception is raised or not.FinalizeThe ... Read More

An array stores a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type, whereas list is a generic collection.To define a List −List

To implement Remove() and RemoveAt() methods in C#, try the following code −Firstly, set a list.List myList = new List() {    "mammals",    "reptiles",    "amphibians",    "vertebrate" };Now, use Remove() method to remove an element.myList.Remove("reptiles");Now, use RemoveAt() method to remove an element by setting the position.myList.RemoveAt(2);The following is the complete code −Exampleusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; class Program {    static void Main() {       List myList = new List() {          "mammals",          "reptiles",          "amphibians",          "vertebrate"       ... Read More

Declaring an array does not initialize the array in the memory. When the array variable is initialized, you can assign values to the array.Array is a reference type, so you need to use the new keyword to create an instance of the array. For example, assign the values like the following statement −double[] price = new double[5]; price[0] = 3245.50; price[1] = 1234.50; price[2] = 8765.50; price[3] = 5784.50; price[4] = 6576.50;We assigned five values above to the price array. You can assign values to the array at the time of declaration.double[] price = new double[5] {3245.50, 1234.50, 8765.50, 6576.50;};

Arrays were a pointer to an address in memory of the index. This index was the 1st element of the array. Here, the index is like an offset and the concept even before C language originated.Let’s say your array elements begins from 0Xff000 and has 5 elements like {35, 23, 67, 88, 90}. Therefore, you array in memory would be like the following because int is stored using 4 bytes.0Xff000 has 35 0Xff004 has 23 0Xff008 has 67 0Xff012 has 88 0Xff016 has 90That would mean when the array is accessed, zero offsets would be index 0.Let us further see ... Read More

Tuple comparison came after C# 7.3.Easily compare two tuples using the equality operator in C#.Let’s say we have two tuples −var one = (x: 1, y: 2); var two = (p: 1, 2: 3, r: 3, s:4);To compare them, just use the == operator −if (one == two) Console.WriteLine("Both the tuples are same (values are same).");Let use see the code −Examplevar one = (x: 1, y: 2); var two = (p: 1, 2: 3, r: 3, s:4); if (one == two) Console.WriteLine("Both the tuples are same (values are same)."); lse Console.WriteLine("Both the tuples values are not same.");

Internal keyword allows you to set internal access specifier.Internal access specifier allows a class to expose its member variables and member functions to other functions and objects in the current assembly.Any member with internal access specifier can be accessed from any class or method defined within the application in which the member is defined.Exampleusing System; namespace RectangleApplication {    class Rectangle {       internal double length;       internal double width;       double GetArea() {          return length * width;       }       public ... Read More

There are two types of collections in C#: non-generic collections and generic collections.Generics in C#Generic collections hold elements of same datatypes.For example −ListDictionaryHashsetDictionary − Dictionary is a collection of keys and values in C#. Dictionary is included in the System.Collection.Generics namespace.Hashset − HashSet in C# eliminates duplicate strings or elements in an array.In C#, it is an optimized set collection.Non-Generics in C#Non-generic collections hold elements of different datatypes.The following are the non-generic collections: ArrayList, BitArray.ArrayList − It represents ordered collection of an object that can be indexed individually. ArrayList is an alternative to an array. However, unlike array you ... Read More

For multiple-base conversions, set a variable and add the base you want to calculate.Here, for our example, I have set the variable baseNum as 2 −int baseNum = 2;In the same way, if you want base 8, then set the above as −int baseNum = 2; You can also get the above variable value as user input.After getting the value, set a stack and get the values −Stack s = new Stack(); do { s.Push(n % baseNum); n /= baseNum; } while (n != 0);After using the stack, pop out the elements. That would give you the result.Let’s say the ... Read More

Numeric promotion as the name suggests is the promotion of smaller types to larger types like short to int.In the below example, we have seen numeric promotion in Arithmetic Operator multiply.The short types are automatically promoted to larger types −Exampleusing System; class Program {    static void Main() {       short val1 = 99;       ushort val2 = 11;       int res = val1 * val2;       Console.WriteLine(res);    } }