Connection-oriented and Connection-less Services are used to establish connections between two or more devices. Connection-oriented Services A connection-oriented service is one that establishes a dedicated connection between the communicating entities before data communication commences. It is modeled after the telephone system. To use a connection-oriented service, the user first establishes a connection, uses it and then releases it. In connection-oriented services, the data streams/packets are delivered to the receiver in the same order in which they have been sent by the sender. Connection-oriented services may be done in either of the following ways − Circuit-switched connection: In circuit ... Read More

A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a medium-sized network but it covers a larger area than a LAN. It often covers multiple cities or towns. In contrast, a Wide Area Network (WAN) is a much larger network than LAN and MAN. A WAN in general is a network of local area networks (LANs) that link to other LANs via telephone lines and radio waves. Go through this article to find out more about MAN and WAN and how they are different from each other. What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)? A MAN is comparable to a ... Read More

Both LAN and MAN are computer networks that differ in terms of the geographical area they cover. LANs are private networks limited to a particular geographical area in the range of a few kilometers, while MANs cover a larger area that can span multiple cities and towns.Read through this article to find out the major differences between a LAN and a MAN.Local Area Network (LAN)A Local Area Network is a private network that connects computers and devices within a limited area like an office, a building, or a campus. On a small scale, LANs are used to connect personal computers ... Read More

When several computers are connected together and are able to communicate with one another, it is called a computer network. Computer networks are designed to share data and information among the computers of the network. Depending on the operating geographical area, computer networks are of the three major types, namely LAN, MAN, and WAN. All the three computer networks are designed for the same purpose, i.e., for sharing information among the computers. But, they are different in many ways, which we are going to highlight in this article. Let's start with some basics of LAN, MAN, and WAN. What ... Read More

A WAN in general is a network of local area networks (LANs) that link to other LANs via telephone lines and radio waves. WAN connections can include both wired and wireless technologies. Wired WAN services include carrier Ethernet, commercial broadband Internet links, etc., whereas wireless WAN technologies include cellular data networks like 4G LTE, public Wi-Fi, satellite networks.LANs are privately owned and span a smaller geographical area (restricted to a few kilometers). It can be used in various settings, including offices, residences, hospitals, and schools. The setup and management of a LAN is quite straightforward.Go through this article to find ... Read More

Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) is an analog method which is used when the bandwidth of a connection is higher than the linked bandwidth of the signals which are to be communicatedTime Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a digital method where each sender is given the entire possession of the whole bandwidth of the channel for a fixed duration of time. After this, the control is given to the next sender, and the process continues on a round-robin basis.Read through this article to find out how these two multiplexing techniques work and what are the major differences between TDM and FDM.What is ... Read More

CPU and GPU are processor units. CPU is considered as the brain of the computer and consists of ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) which stores the information, performs calculations and CU(Control Unit) which performs instructions and branching. GPU is used to enhanced the images, videos of the computer. It mainly have ALUs.Following are the important differences between CPU and GPU.Sr. No.KeyCPUGPU1DefinitionCPU stands for Central Processing Unit.GPU stands for Graphical Processing Unit.2EmphasisCPU focuses on low latency.GPU focuses on high throughput.3Memory consumptionCPU consumes more memory than GPU.GPU memory requirements are low.4SpeedCPU speed is less than GPU.GPU is faster than CPU.5CoresCPU cores are powerfulGPU ... Read More

A stateless protocol is one in which each communication is treated as a separate event, unrelated to other communications of the same type.A stateful protocol, on the other hand, is the polar opposite of a stateless protocol, in which each communication is treated as part of a broader sequence.Read through this article to find out more about stateless and stateful protocols and how they are different from each other.What is Stateful Protocol?In Stateful Protocol, when a client sends a request to the server, it expects a response; it resends the request if it does not receive one.Stateful applications and procedures ... Read More

Both Flow control and Congestion control are traffic controlling methods in computer networks. Flow control is a technique that allows two stations working at different speeds to communicate with each other. It is a set of measures taken to regulate the amount of data that a sender sends so that a fast sender does not overwhelm a slow receiver.Congestion occurs in a network when it receives too many packets than its designed capacity. Network congestion occurs in case of traffic overloading. There are mechanisms to control such congestion scenarios in a network.Go through this article to find out more about ... Read More

Go-Back-N is a data link layer protocol that uses a sliding window method for reliable and sequential delivery of data frames. It is a case of sliding window protocol having to send window size of N and receiving window size of 1.Selective Repeat Protocol is also a data link layer protocol that uses sliding window method for reliable delivery of data frames. Here, only the erroneous or lost frames are retransmitted, while the good frames are received and buffered.Read through this article to find out how these two data link layer protocols work and what are the major differences between ... Read More