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In the field of electrical engineering and power systems, a fault is an abnormal condition that can result in damages to the circuit. Hence, a fault is nothing but a defect in the power system. When a fault occurs in a power system, we need a "power system protection" scheme that can isolate the faulty part from the healthy part. In this article, we will learn about basic definition of a fault in power system, its main causes and effects. So, let’s get started with the basic definition of the electrical fault in power system. What is a Fault in ... Read More
The main difference between primary protection and backup protection is in their functionality. Primary Protection is provided to quickly detect the fault and isolate the faulty section from the healthy part, while Backup Protection is provided to isolate the faulty and healthy parts if the primary protection fails. In this article, we will discuss in detail about the primary and backup protections used in power systems along with the major differences between them. So, let’s begin with a basic introduction of primary and secondary protections. What is Primary Protection? Primary protection is defined as the initial layer of protection ... Read More
Resistance, inductance, and capacitance are three main parameters of an electric circuit. Resistance is defined as the measure of opposition in the flow of electric current. Inductance is defined as the measure of opposition in change in the direction and magnitude of the current. Whereas, capacitance is defined as the measure of opposition in change in the voltage. The resistance, inductance, and capacitance of a conductor depend on several factors like temperature, length, cross-sectional area, etc. In this article, we will discuss about all these factors affecting the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of a conductor. What is Resistance? In electrical ... Read More
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) is an electronic device used for testing, research, and design applications. It is a device that helps us to display and analyze the electrical signals in the form of waveforms. In the field of electrical and electronics engineering, CRO is used to perform numerous operations like frequency measurement, waveform analysis, voltage measurement, amplitude measurement, testing and troubleshooting of electric circuits and systems. In this article, we will learn about cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) and its applications. Before that let us discuss the basics of CRO. What is a CRO? A CRO is an electronic testing device ... Read More
A circuit breaker is a switchgear device used in electrical system to interrupt the flow of electric current in the circuit. It is used for either switching or protection purposes. In this article, we will learn about circuit breakers, their types, characteristics, standard ratings, and applications. So, let’s start with the basics of circuit breaker. What is a Circuit Breaker? A circuit breaker is an automatic electrical switching device used in power system to interrupt the current in case of faults or abnormal conditions. A circuit breaker is similar to a normal electrical switch but it can also perform switching ... Read More
Introduction Constructing ASA triangles explains to construct a triangle where the measure of two angles and one of the side lengths is given to us. Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with properties & relations of points, lines, surfaces & solids. Also, it deals with geometrical construction. Geometrical construction is constructing or drawing geometrical figures like lines, line segments, triangles, circles & quadrilaterals etc. There are several methods of constructing geometrical figures. We can construct geometrical figures by using geometrical instruments like ruler, protractor, compass, divider & set squares. Triangles are mostly constructed by using a ruler, protractor ... Read More
Introduction Continuity and discontinuity can be defined as properties of functions that are used in statistics to predict or estimate values. Mathematical functions can be categorised into two types − continuous and discontinuous variables. Continuity is the property of functions that can be shown on a graph without breaking. Discontinuity, on the other hand, is a property of functions which have unconnected points on a graph. In this tutorial, we will understand the concept of continuity and discontinuity along with examples. Continuity In nature, continuity is seen all around us. For example, the flow of rivers, time etc., are some ... Read More
Introduction Continuous variables are the ones which in between any two numeric values have an infinite number of values. Variables in statistics can be quantitative variables, which define the quantity of measurement. Quantitative measurement can further be divided into continuous variables and discrete variables. Such variables are used widely in statistical research and tools. In this tutorial, we will learn about variables and its types, continuity, and continuous variables along with some solved examples. Variables In statistics, a variable may be defined as a term that represents an unknown value which is not fixed and is in numerical form. Variables ... Read More
Introduction Cross multiplication method is used to solve linear equation in two variables. An algebraic equation in the form of $\mathrm{y\:=\:mx\:+\:b}$ is called a Linear equation. In this equation m is the slope, b is the intercept. x and y is the distance of this line from x-axis and y-axis. The solution of each equation represents a point on the line. An equation in the form of $\mathrm{ax\:+\:by\:+\:c\:=\:0}$ where a, b, c are real numbers, and the values of both a and b are not zero. Now this equation will be called the linear equation in two variables x and ... Read More
Introduction Comparison of ratios means comparing the relationship between two or more ratios. Finding out how many times one number is greater than the other is required if you are comparing two numbers. Or, to put it another way, we must represent one number as a fraction of the other. Unitary methods are used to calculate single unit values from given multiples. This method is commonly used to demonstrate the notion of ratio and proportion. In this tutorial, we will discuss the comparison of ratios. Proportions: Comparing Ratios Ratio The ratio is a divisional comparison of two numbers or ... Read More