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(a) What are hydrocarbons? Give examples.
(b) Give the structural differences between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with two examples each.
(c) What is a functional group? Give examples of four different functional groups.
(a) A compound made up of hydrogen and carbon only is called a hydrocarbon.
Example: methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethene (C2H4), and ethyne (C2H2), all are hydrocarbons as they are made up of only two elements: carbon and hydrogen.
(b) Saturated hydrocarbons are those in which the carbon atoms are connected by single bonds and also called alkanes.
Example: Methane and ethane
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those in which the two carbon atoms are connected by a double bond or a triple bond.
Example: Ethene and ethyne
(c) Functional groups are a set of atoms joined in a specific manner that is responsible for the characteristic chemical property of the compound. Example:
CHO-Aldehyde,
OH-Hydroxyl,
COOH- Carboxylic acid.
Updated on: 10-Oct-2022
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